الفهرس 
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Abstract
The objective of this thesis is to study the accuracy in positioning of new stations by different methods in horizontal control networks, namely, triangulation, trilateration, hybrid, intersection and resection.
A comprehensive study was made and reviewed for the adjustment methods of condition equations and variation of coordinates, together with precision analysis.
A practical investigation was then carried out using two networks, one of which was actually observed by Total Station taking all possible kinds of measurements. The second network was taken from a reference of a previous project.
The analysis of both networks was based on unknown parameters as well as observations using variance-covariance matrices which help to determine error ellipses at 35% and 95% confidence levels. Analysis of the results of last square adjustments was performed by comparing final positions and using as criteria the standard error ellipses for station and selected lines by different methods.
Special regard is given to the practical evaluation of Total Station Set-3c instrument manufactured by Sokkisha CO.. LTD. This instrument is meant to give directly coordinates of points. However, it was aimed in the present work to assess separately the accuracy of distance and angle, measurements.
A comprehensive program was developed in FORTRAN to perform the different tasks covered in the research. As well as being used here, it is a useful general program which can be considered as an addition to the surveying computer library.