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Abstract
Stress Response to Endotracheal intubation and/or surgical stimuli is associated with significant increase in arterial pressure, heart rate, and plasma catecholamine concentrations .1α2-Adrenoceptor agonists have been used in the perioperative period for their beneficial effects .2
They decrease sympathetic tone, with attenuation of the neuroendocrine and hemodynamic responses to anesthesia and surgery.3; reduce anesthetic and opioid requirements.4; and cause sedation and analgesia.6 They allow psychomotoric function to be preserved while letting the patient rest comfortably. Thus, α2-adrenoceptor agonists may offer benefits in the prophylaxis and adjuvant treatment of perioperative myocardial ischemia.
α2-Adrenoceptor agonists include a huge list of drugs such as Methyldopa, Clonidine and Dexmedetomidine.
dexmedetomidine has the following advantages:
1) It attenuates the sympathoadrenal stimulation during tracheal intubation effectively but does not completely abolish the cardiovascular response .2
2) It possesses anxiolytic, sedative, analgesic, and sympatholytic properties; it might be a useful adjunct for premedication, especially for patients susceptible to preoperative and perioperative stress. 3
3) It potentiates the anesthetic effects of all intraoperative anaesthetics, regardless of method of administration (intravenous, volatile, or even regional block).4 Intravenous or intramuscular administration of dexmedetomidine reduced induction requirements of thiopentone by 15 -30% .5
4) It has analgesic effect .6and at the same time it reduces the
opioid requirements in the perioperative period .6
5) It has sympatholytic effect and analgesic effect which is
beneficial in the whole perioperative period.6
- The aim of the study is to evaluate the role of
dexmedetomidine in the perioperative period for patients
planned to have hypotensive anaesthesia under G.A.