الفهرس 
Conceptual framework
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Abstract
Although pain in an expected outcome of surgical and invasive diagnostic procedures and traumatic injuries, research indicates that infants and children are not medicated adequately for their pain ( Rideout,1997). The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of play as a nursing intervention on reducing postoperative pain among children. The target sample for this study consisted a convenience sample of 100 postoperative children divided into experimental (n=50) and control groups (n=50).Their ages ranged between (4-12)years. Seven tools were used for data collection which were an interview schedule, heart rate, colors pain scale, faces pain scale, pain line scale and observation checklist for behavioral changes of pain. The setting of the study were surgical departments of El-Kasr teaching hospital and University hospital at Shebin El-Kom. The main findings of this study were that the largest percentage of children in the experimental and control groups were in the age group of (4-6) years, there were non statistical significant.