الفهرس 
general introductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Signal degradations due to both attenuation and dispersion limitations are considered to investigate the maximum limit of the repeater span and the optimum transmission bit rate in single mode Gennania doped fiber utilizing bi-directional Raman amplification.
A Q switched Nd: Y AG laser is utilized as a bi-directional pump source with a wavelength of 1.34 ~lIn. The Raman gain profile is assumed to have a lorentazian shape with a bandwidth of 300 GHZ. The criterion employed is set on the basis of a characterizing loss of 30 dB, added to a marginal loss of 4 dB.
The results are obtained under a wide range of fiber and laser source parameters. Optimum repeater span occurs at a signal wavelength of 1.432 ~lIn, % doping of Germania X% of 18% and relative refractive difference of 1.2%. Temperature is also taken into consideration where decreasing the temperature improves the pelformance of the amplification process and hence the repeater span. Results show a 580 km repeater span at 260 oK at same previous parameters.